Assessment of Physicochemical Characteristics of Water Quality along Balua Ghat, Yamuna River in Prayagraj Metropolitan City, India

Abstract

Water is one of the most precious resources on the earth and with the increasing population and reckless use it’s becoming scarce day by day. Most of the populous cities of India are facing this problem with a higher to a lesser degree of its intensity. Allahabad the ancient historical city of India situated on the confluence of the Ganga and its tributary the Yamuna also facing the problem of clean and potable water. To examine the water quality and its various features analysed the physicochemical characteristics of the Yamuna river at Balua Ghat, Allahabad. For this purpose Landsat satellite images of the year, 2009 and 2019 were used and analysed through Arc GIS. Parameters like BOD, COD, pH and temperature were analysed to understand the plight of water quality, which is also substantiated with the inputs of the local people of the study area. The study shows that along the course of the river Yamuna built-up area is increasing at an unprecedented rate and open space is shrinking very rapidly. Various parameters of water show that the water quality is under great stress. Dumping of drainage waste in the river and unplanned slum settlements along the river are basically responsible for deteriorating water quality.