Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://inet.vidyasagar.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/5333
Title: Assessment of growth and nutrient status of indigenous freshwater catfish (Clarias batrachus Linn.) in relation to the application of newly isolated probiotics.
Authors: Ganguly, Arindam
Das Mohapatra, Pradeep Kumar
Mandal, Asish
Keywords: Aquaculture
Probiotic
Clarias batrachus
Issue Date: 12-Feb-2020
Publisher: Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102
Abstract: South Asian countries rear a variety of inland fish and fisheries and contribute to a major portion of the global demand. Clarias batrachus (Linn.), an indigenous fish of this region, is economically important due to its exceptional nutritional quality and taste. Probiotics are now being used in farming of C. batrachus for better production and biological management of its diseases. In the present study, a considerable effort has been taken to discover specific probiotics for C. batrachus to rear the species in normal eco-friendly habitats. A non-polluted natural C. batrachus cultivation pond at Ramsagar (latitude 23°06' and longitude 87°15') of Bankura District, West Bengal, India was selected for studying the hydrobiological properties to get pre-hand information about the culture conditions. The average annual temperature of culture water ranged from 18±0.09 to 25±0.07 ºC, pH from 6.5±0 to 7.7±0.09, dissolved oxygen from 3.1±0 to 4.8±0.03 mg/l, alkalinity from 21±0.13 to 27±0.21 mg/l, salinity from 70±0.17 to 128±0.73 mg/l, total hardness from 78±0.33 to 128±0.88 mg/l, total dissolved solids from 176±0.58 to 260±1.15 mg/l. Ammonia, nitrate and nitrite contents were measured as 0.02±0 to 0.06±0.01 ppm, 0.1±0 to 0.4±0.01 ppm and 0.1±0 to 0.5±0.02 ppm respectively. Five groups of zooplankton and five groups of phytoplankton were obtained from the water. Gram negative bacteria were recorded to be predominant in occurrence. The bacterial count in the culture water and sediment was found to be greater in the summer. The consistency of the obtained eco-physiological features of the pond was validated statistically by contour surface plot. The total viable intestinal bacterial count of C. batrachus was 1.6±2.9 × 1010 cfu/g and thirty-two different bacterial strains were isolated. The intestinal isolates PKA17,PKA18 and PKA19, on the basis of maximum antagonism against pathogenic V. harveyi, V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus, were selected for further analysis. These three Gram positive rod-shaped motile strains (PKA17, PKA18 and PKA19) were identified as Lysinibacillus sphaericus (Accession No. KX580190.1), Bacillus cereus (Accession No. KX826079.1) and Bacillus thuringiensis (Accession No. MF139049.1) respectively. The strains were sensitive to common antibiotics. They exhibited high cell-surface hydrophobicity, non-pathogenicity, bile salt tolerance and bile salt hydrolysis property that are crucial for colonization and growth at the host intestine. Considering the importance of the bile salt hydrolase (bsh) proteins to overcome the effect of bile of host intestine, in silico structure prediction and catalytic interaction study were performed on bsh protein of L. sphaericus. The sequential comparisons of bsh proteins between Lysinibacillus sp. and Bacillus sp were designed. The analysis clearly indicated that, the sequential diversity is mainly attributed to the high percentage of similar amino acid substitution. The investigation also put an insight on the inhibitory influence of some common inhibitors (theaflavin, gossypetin, phenethyl caffeate, chrysophanol, carnosic acid) on predicted bsh protein and those inhibitors should be avoided during the application of probiotic L. sphaericus in aquatic pond to overcome ineffectiveness. C. batrachus fingerlings were cultivated in rearing tanks and provided with different supplemented experimental feed (T1: 2 × 105 L. sphaericus PKA17 cells per 100 g of basal feed; T2: 2 × 105 B. cereus PKA18 cells per 100g feed; T3: 2 × 105 B. thuringiensis PKA19 cells per 100 g feed) and control feed (without any probiotics). The T2 set displayed significantly (P≤0.05) higher growth, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio. The FCR was significantly (P≤0.05) lower in T1 (1.23±0.01) fed fish followed by T2 and T3. The carcass composition of the probiotic-supplemented fish revealed an apparent better quality over the control fed fish. The protein content was significantly (P≤0.05) higher (164.9±0.23g kg-1) in T3 fed fish followed by T1 and T2. The T1-fed fish produced considerably higher amount of carbohydrate (2.8±0.06 g kg-1) and iron (2.21±0.01 mg 100g-1) than the other experimental set. The content of vitamin A (7.19±0.04 I.U. 100 g-1) and vitamin E (0.34±0.01 I.U. 100 g-1) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T1 fed fish. The fatty acid profile revealed higher content of polyunsaturated ω-3 fatty acids (1.7±0.12 g kg-1) in T3-fed fish followed by T1, T2 and control. The amino acid analysis of fish displayed significantly higher (P≤0.05) content of glycine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, proline, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine in T1 fed fish than control and other test feeds. Fish with probiotic-supplemented feed showed higher amount of HDL cholesterol and calcium than the control fed fish. The effectiveness of the obtained results was statistically analyzed with scattered diagram and mesh plots where L. sphaericus PKA17 was found to be the most consistent. An intensive survey on freshwater fish diversity with special emphasis on the present status of C. batrachus in the Bankura district, West Bengal, India, was performed. A total of 92 freshwater fish species were recorded. The involvement of a considerable portion of the society in the indigenous fisheries has positive influence on rural economy and nutrition. C. batrachus holds good demand throughout the district but are extremely deficient in supply. The GIS-based analysis regarding the distribution of C. batrachus showed considerably better production in Ranibundh, Hirbundh and Patrasayer blocks. This study has predicted that the semi-intensive mode of cultivation would be the best strategy to increase the production and subsequent conservation of the species. The study also pointed out the cultivation of forbidden alien catfish C. gariepinus in local water-bodies that must be prohibited. Specific training and awareness building programme for farmers for sustainable development of C. batrachus production are required to establish the rehabilitation of the species.
URI: http://inet.vidyasagar.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/5333
Appears in Collections:Microbiology - Ph.D

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01_Title.pdf45.05 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
02_Dedication.pdf19.57 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
03_Certificate_PKDM.pdf388.7 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
04_Certificate_AM.pdf365.14 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
05_Abstract.pdf100.73 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
06_Declaration.pdf251.02 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
07_Acknowledgement.pdf826.36 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
08_Contents.pdf149.93 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
09_List of Tables.pdf42.74 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
10_List of Figures.pdf72.57 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
11_Abbreviation.pdf40.8 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
12_Preface.pdf60.51 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
13_General Introduction.pdf226.15 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
14_Review of literature.pdf281.32 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
15_Chapter 1.pdf1.15 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
16_Chapter 2A.pdf1.29 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
17_Chapter 2B.pdf1.36 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
18_Chapter 3.pdf1.44 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
19_Chapter 4.pdf1.17 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
20_Summary.pdf122.02 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
21_Conclusion.pdf48.34 kBAdobe PDFView/Open
22_References.pdf253.91 kBAdobe PDFView/Open


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